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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Overview

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory illnesses involving the gastrointestinal tract. Although Crohn’s disease may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, it is most commonly seen at the end of the small intestine (or terminal ileum) and the colon. Ulcerative colitis, however, is seen only in the colon. In a small percentage of people who have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting only the colon, it may be difficult to distinguish between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

While IBD is most commonly diagnosed between 16 and 35 years old, it can occur at any age and affects men and women equally. IBD is more prevalent in Caucasians and in those living in northern hemisphere industrialized countries. However, rates are on the rise in non-whites and in southern, non-industrialized nations, as well.

While the exact cause of IBD is unknown, it appears to be a multifactorial process: an abnormal immune response to bacteria in the gut, genetic predisposition (although most patients with IBD do not have a family history), and environmental influences all play roles. Emotional disorders are not a cause of IBD, although patients often report feeling worse during times of stress. Similarly, while there’s no known diet that “triggers” inflammation associated with IBD, some individuals may experience increased symptoms with certain foods.

Schedule an appointment
To schedule an appointment with the IBD Program of the Jefferson Digestive Disease Institute in Philadelphia, call 1-800-JEFF-NOW or use our online appointment request form.